Aztlán
25, no. 1 spring 2000

•Editor’s
Introduction
•Editor’s Commentary
Compassionate Formalism
•Essays
Deconstructing Disney: Chicano/a Children and Critical Race Theory
Gabriel Gutiérrez
Hyenas in the Pride Lands: Latinos/as and Immigration in Disney’s
The Lion King
Manuel M. Martín-Rodríguez
Latino High School Students’ Pursuit of Higher Education
Flora Ida Ortiz and Rosa Gonzales
On the Subject of Gang Photography
Richard T. Rodríguez
•Dossier: Disciplines and Institutions
The Ethnographic Component in Chicano/a Literary Discourse
Hector A. Torres
Self-Help Graphics: A Case Study of a Working Space for Arts and Community
Reina Alejandra Prado Saldivar
Chicano Studies and the Academy: The Opportunities Missed
David E. Hayes-Bautista
•Artist’s Communiqué
Mermaids, Butterflies, and Princesses
Alma Lopez
•Reviews
Goddesses, Sirenas, Lupes y Angel Cholas— The Work of Alma Lopez
Reina Alejandra Prado Saldivar
The Decolonial Imaginary: Writing Chicanas into History. By Emma Peréz.
Dionne Espinoza
•Contributors
Editor’s
Introduction
“Hey
Aztlán: A Journal of Chicano Studies, you’ve just turned
thirty, what are you going to do next?”
“Go
to Disneyland!”
On
the occasion of our thirtieth anniversary, we start with two essays that
consider the Walt Disney Company in relation to Latino viewers and cultural
politics. With its “family” image juxtaposed to a mercenary
corporate strategy, Disney is perhaps the exemplary case for a study of
Latino representation within global media. Gabriel Gutiérrez charts
the shift in corporate ideology from conservatism to neo-liberalism, considering
the possibility of childhood agency through cultural consumption with
respect to the English- and Spanish-language releases of The Lion King.
Manuel M. Martín- Rodríguez provides an extended close reading
of The Lion King—with its antagonism between lions and hyenas—as
an allegory for border conflict.
Education
remains a (and perhaps the) central mechanism for redressing Latino underrepresentation
within both the national imaginary and key sectors of society. Sadly,
the main thing that has changed in the past thirty years has been the
erosion of programs and policies that ensure minimal Latino admission
and hiring within higher education. Flora Ida Ortiz and Rosa Gonzales
evaluate recent efforts designed to prepare Latino students for University
of California (UC) eligibility.
Finally,
returning to questions about the relationship between visual representation
and social practice explored in the first two essays, Richard T. Rodríguez
reconsiders Chicano gang photography as a genre that includes documentary
images, self-representation, and police photography. Challenging the usual
aesthetic and personal approaches, he draws upon ethnography, media studies,
and cultural studies in order to expose the dialogue between gang photography,
its “subject,” and surrounding sociopolitical forces. These
images are evidence, not through a simple indexical relationship to reality,
but as a necessary part of a more conflicted set of relationships among
societal stereotypes and expectations, self-representation and identity,
and criminality and state power.
The
dossier for this issue, “Disciplines and Institutions,” offers
an eclectic mix of essays related to the original and continuing concerns
of Chicano studies: its disciplinary boundaries and methodologies and
its relationship to the community. Each essay starts from within a particular
discipline or institution and reaches out for broader relevance, whether
in search of a methodology (Torres), a place for the artist between market
and community (Prado Saldivar), or the relationship of Chicano studies
to the larger society and its needs for social services and political
leadership (Hayes-Bautista). The two reviews (Espinoza and Prado Saldivar)
explore critical and aesthetic issues of cultural identity, gender, and
sexual politics.
Finally,
Alma Lopez provides the cover art as well as an artist’s communiqué.
Her digital images represent a new direction in Chicano art that is at
once technological and aesthetic. She recontextualizes major icons of
Mexican and Chicano cultures, bringing lesbian desire into relationship
with nationalist myth, border culture, political economy, and the built
environment. Her work underscores something implicit in all the essays
in this issue: if you cannot imagine someone or some group, then you will
not see them. Her work—as with Chicano studies scholarship more
generally—seeks the new imaginings that make social visibility possible.
It is not enough to point out the histories and opportunities that have
been missed; one must also address why they have been rendered invisible
within the academy and national culture. One must provide a new image.
That is the mission for Chicano studies—and for Aztlán: A
Journal of Chicano Studies—as we enter the twenty-first century.
In the name of Aztlán, we reclaim Disneyland!
Of course, now that we are over thirty, we cannot
be trusted, so please read everything here with a grain of salt. It is
only under the gaze of a self-critical eye that the journal can hope to
fulfill its original and evolving mission to serve the Chicano community.
|